Misdirection
Interface-level manipulation where users are subtly steered toward or away from specific decisions without their informed consent. This is achieved by distorting perception, prioritizing visual hierarchy, or using emotionally charged or ambiguous language.
Confirmshaming
Language is constructed to evoke guilt or shame when opting out of a suggested action.
Trick Wording
Language is intentionally ambiguous or complex, causing user misinterpretation.
Visual Interference
Visual design is structured to draw attention away from less desirable options (e.g., muted opt-outs, vibrant CTAs).
Pressured Selling
Interface defaults or recommendations favor more expensive or bundled options, often under pretense of urgency or value.